THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HOLISTIC IMAGE OF THE CRYOSPHERE

For the 20th century, during which cryology took shape, there was a typical situation of a gap between the natural sciences and philosophy. At the beginning of the 21st century, the rapid knowledge accumulation and the growing intra-subject differentiation in natural sciences led to the need of combining disparate ideas about reality and recreate a holistic scientific picture of the world on a new basis. The discovery of a variety of extraterrestrial cryogenic objects, as well as a large range of scales and rates of cryogenic processes, expands the understanding of cold. The establishment in 1991 in Tyumen of the Earth Cryosphere Institute, SB RAS can be considered the key to the development of holism in the study of the world of cold. Over the past 30 years, in the process of forming the Institute scientific team, the researchers were following the main task of implementing an interdisciplinary approach to the object of study. The realization of the principle was intented to build a holistic scientific picture of the world of cold, in the way of a specific form of the scientific knowledge systematization, which includes the construction of ontological models of systems of some objects, processes and phenomena, as well as the analysis of their connections. The application of a holistic approach to the study of the cryosphere contributed to the generation in the scientific picture of the World of new contexts of understanding the role of cold in the variety of physical phenomena on Earth and in space. These include such new concepts as cryogenic resources, cryologic time, cryodiversity, cryodeterminism, as well as the latest areas of cryology — cryotrasology, cryoheterotopy, etc.

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