USE OF FISH RESOURCES BY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NENETS AUTONOMOUS AREA

Fishery is a traditional activity of the Nenets living in the Arctic. It complements the main type of economic activity of the Nenets — reindeer herding. The aim of the research is to summarize research data and analyze the dynamics of the use of fish resources by the Nenets in the Area territory. The Nenets often carry out fishing for free, without obtaining permits. The Nenets catch from 0,3 to 1,0 tons of fish per family annually. They use fish for their own nutrition and feeding of dogs. Fish and fish products are an important element of the traditional diet of the indigenous peoples of the North. Fishery in fishing areas by the Nenets is not in demand. State bodies provide fish resources to the Nenets for use. Only an insignificant part of the Nenets apply to obtain fish for use. In contrast, most of the family communities apply for fish resources for use. Every year the Nenets receive 108.09 tons of fish resources for use. One family uses 1,877 tons of fish. The estimated value of fish resources used by the Nenets is about 3 300 tons of fish annually. The Nenets are most active in catching pike, pelyad, vendace and whitefish. Marine fish species were not in demand among the indigenous peoples. In general, fishery plays an important but secondary role in the life of the Nenets, complementing the main activity — reindeer herding. The authors consider it necessary to improve the regulation of traditional fishing: from the declarative principle of ensuring the traditional fishing of the indigenous peoples of the North to the approved regional limits. This will allow fishery without annually sending applications to government agencies. However, it is necessary to simultaneously take into account the interests of indigenous peoples, local people and businesses. They share the same fish stocks and indigenous peoples have priority in the use of fish resources.

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