MAMMOTH TUSKS GETTING AS A TYPE OF TRADITIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT

The article considers the gathering and getting of the mammoth tusks as a type of traditional nature management of indigenous peoples of the North. Signs and conditions are identified to classify the gathering and getting of fossil mammoth fauna as types of traditional crafts (to determine which role the craft plays in life and income generation of the indigenous population, in preserving its culture and ethnos, to find out the number of local residents employed in this field of activity, including gathering, getting, processing and selling the products from mammoth tusks, the availability of potential and resource base of this type of popular fossils for the development of traditional crafts). The authors present historical overview of gathering, getting and selling of mammoth tusks. They reveal the problems of legal and economic regulation in this area associated with the need to classify fossil mammoth tusks as common minerals.
On the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the authors give a quantitative assessment of the resource base and prospects for gathering and getting of mammoth tusks as a form of traditional nature management of indigenous peoples, as well as the mechanism for regulating activities in this area (licensing, organizing an exchange for tendering fossil mammoth tusks, price regulation), aimed to reflect research interests, the study and preservation of the mammoth fauna, the Republic economic interests, the business and indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to take into account the issues of gathering and getting of mammoth tusks as a type of traditional nature management during the ethnological analysis of projects in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

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