METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF TOURISM SYSTEMS IN THE NORTHERN AND ARCTIC REGIONS ON THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE EUROPEAN NORTH)

The paper discloses the study aspects of tourism systems in the northern and Arctic regions according the proposed author’s approach. Via the proposed approach, the authors reveal a significant development of the tourism systems of the European North of the Russian Federation (except the Nenets Autonomous Area). Taking into account the vulnerability of natural ecosystems of the studied regions of the Russian Federation, the article shows the prospects for the tourism development based on the resources of specially protected natural areas as a compensating factor in socio-economic development. The authors formulate recommendations for the development of ecological tourism in specially protected natural areas, namely: to take into account the specifics associated with the conservation status; be guided not only by parameters related to recreational capacity and value, but also by infrastructure tourism provision, to introduce effective models of interaction between the administrations of protected areas and companies providing tourism services in the region and beyond; to intensify marketing programs in the field of promotion of ecological forms of tourism.

1. Lukin Yu. F. Arctic tourism in Russia. Arctic and North, 2016, no. 25, pp. 211—216. DOI: 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2016.25.211. (In Russian).
2. Lukin Yu. F. Arctic tourism: rating of regions, opportunities and threats. Arctic and North, 2016, no. 23, pp. 96—123. DOI: 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2016.23.96. (In Russian).
3. Ilkevich S. V., Strömberg P. Aspects of the competitiveness of the Nenets and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous areas as destinations for Arctic tourism. Service plus, 2016, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 10—17. (In Russian).
4. Kharlampieva N. K. Theory and methodology of the Arctic tourism development. Arctic and North, 2016, no. 23, pp. 124—129. DOI: 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2016.23.124. (In Russian).
5. Dmitriev V. V., Sevastyanov D. V. Present day recreation, nature management and tourism in environmental and socio-economic structure of the North Europe regions in Russia (NER). Pt. 1. The approaches to the analysis and evaluation of the prospects. Vestn. of Saint Petersburg Univ. Series 7. Geology. Geography, 2016, iss. 4, pp. 82—96. DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu07.2016. (In Russian).
6. Sevastyanov D. M. Arctic tourism and recreational nature management a new vector of northern territories development. Russia in the Global World, 2017, nî. 10 (33), pp. 75—88. (In Russian).
7. Kuklina V., Kuklina M., Ruposov V., Rogov V. Multi-polar trajectories of tourism development within Russian Arctic. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 2017, vol. 3, pp. 379—385.
8. Bertosh A. A. Arctic tourism: conceptual features and particularities. Proceedings of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019, vîl. 10, no. 7—17, pp. 169—180. DOI: 10.25702/KSC.2307-5252.2019.7.169-180. (In Russian).
9. Kondratyeva S. V., Moroshkina M. V. Tourism and Recreation of the Russian Arctic Population: Opportunities and Limitations. Arctic and North, 2021, no. 45, pp. 113—126. DOI: 10.37482/issn2221- 2698.2021.45.113. (In Russian).
10. Golubeva E. I., Tulskaya N. I., Tsekina M. V., Kirasheva N. I. Problems of development of ecological tourism in the protected areas of the Russian Arctic. Arctic tourism in Russia / Ed. Yu. F. Lukin; Sev. (Arctic) feder. un-t; St. Petersburg state un-t. Arkhangelsk, NArFU, 2016, 256 p. (In Russian).
11. Grushenko E. B. Development of sea cruise tourism in the ports of the Western Arctic. Arctic and North, 2014, no. 14, ðð. 1—6. (In Russian).
12. Pashkevich A., Lamers M. Short-circuiting cruise tourism practices along the Russian Barents Sea coast? The case of Arkhangelsk. Current Issues in Tourism, 2015. DOI: 10/1080/13683500.2015.1092947.
13. Kunnikov A. V. Prospects for the development of the Arctic cruise tourism in the western sector of the Russian Arctic. Arktika: ekologiya i ekonomika. [Arctic: Ecology and Economy], 2020, no. 4 (40), pp. 130—138. DOI: 10.25283/2223-4594-2020-4-130-138. (In Russian).
14. Ren C., James L., Pashkevich A., Hoarau-Heemstra H. Cruise trouble. A practice-based approach to studying Arctic cruise tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 2021, 40 (6), 100901. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100901.
15. Zhilenko V. Yu. Sea cruise tourism in specially protected natural areas of Arctic. Service and Tourism: Current Challenges, 2021, vîl. 15, no. 3, ðð. 149—156. DOI: 10.24412/1995-0411-2021-3-149-156.
16. Novikova K. N., Khan M. I., Chang Y.-Ch. Legal Issues Regarding Arctic Cruise Shipping in the Russian Federation. Sustainability, 2021, no. 13, p. 7016. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137016.
17. Zhagina S. N., Toporina V. A. National parks of the European North of Russia (Arkhangelsk, Vologda regions, the Republic of Karelia) as objects of recreation and tourism. Problems of regional ecology, 2016, no. 6, pp. 127—131. (In Russian).
18. Vasilieva A., Belaya R. Process of forming a regional recreation system in the conditions of a border region. E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, no. 164, ð. 7028.
19. Aleksandrova A. Yu. Construction of the integrated tourism statistics system in the Russian Federation. Moscow Univ. Economics Bull., 2017, no. 1, pp. 41—61. (In Russian).
20. Hodachek V. M., Shamakhov V. A. The Tourist and Recreation Potential of Historical Cities in North-West Russia. Baltic Regiîn, 2017, vîl. 9, no. 4, pp. 152—169. DOI: 10.5922/ 2074-9848-2017-4-8. (In Russian).
21. Aleksandrova A. Yu., Aigina E. V. Revitalizing depressed areas of the Russian North (the case of Veliky Ustyug). Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 2018, vîl. 11, no. 2, ðð. 97—107.
22. Sarancha M. A. Assessing competitiveness of the Baltic states in Tourism. Baltic Region, 2020, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 147—165. DOI: 10.5922/2079-8555-2020-3-9. (In Russian).
23. Zyryanov A. I. Conceptual geography in tourism. Regional studies, 2021, no. 2, pp. 24—31. DOI: 10.5922/1994-5280-2021-2-3. (In Russian).
24. Ecological Atlas of Russia. Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, Russian Geographical Society, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ. Moscow, Feoria, 2017, 509 p. (In Russian).
25. Kondrateva S. V. National tourist rating of Russian regions: Typological diversity. RUDN J. of Economics, 2022, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 45—56. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2022-30-1-45-56. (In Russian).
26. Bakhmet O. N. The system of specially protected natural areas of the European North: state and development prospects. Scientific research in protected areas: abstracts of reports of Vseros. scientific Conf., dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the birth of the founder of the Karadag scientific station, Doctor of Medicine, assistant professor of Moscow University Terenty Ivanovich Vyazemsky, as well as the Year of Specially Protected Natural Territories and the Year of Ecology in Russia. Under total ed. by R. V. Gorbunov. Simferopol, 2017, p. 6. (In Russian).
27. State report “On the state and protection of the environment of the Russian Federation in 2020”. Available at: https://www.mnr.gov.ru/docs/gosudarstvennye_doklady/gosudarstvennyy_doklad_o_sostoyanii_i_ob_okhrane_okruzhayushchey_sredy_rossiyskoy_federatsii_v_2020/?special_version=Y. (In Russian).

28. Federal State Statistics Service. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/search?q=%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%95%D0%94%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%98%D0%AF+%D0%9E%D0%91+%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%9E+%D0%9E%D0%A5%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%AF%D0%95%D0%9C%D0%AB%D0%A5+%D0%9F%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%A0%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%9D%D0%AB%D0%A5+%D0%A2%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%A2%D0%9E%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%AF%D0%A5+%D0%B7%D0%B0+2020+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4&date_from=&content=on&date_to=&search_by=all&sort=relevance. (In Russian.