THE USE OF GRANULAR FOAM-GLASS CERAMIC IN THE ARCTIC CONSTRUCTION OF LOW-RISE BUILDINGS

Construction on permafrost in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic requires the use of both innovative materials and special engineering solutions. It is well known that the heat released during the operation of buildings can cause thawing of a frozen base, which leads to a loss of stability, irreversible deformations and the occurrence of accidents. One of the problem solutions is to maintain the base of the structure in a frozen state throughout the entire period of operation by using heat-insulating materials. The Arctic zone of Russia has inexhaustible local raw materials: opal-cristobalite and zeolite rocks for obtaining environmentally friendly heat-insulating material and providing the regional construction industry. Thus the authors propose a new technology of low-rise construction on permafrost foundations with the use of granulated foam-glass ceramic. They aim the study at the establishing the effect of a heat-insulating layer of granules on the temperature regime of permafrost foundation of low-rise building.
The use of the mathematical modeling method enables the authors to analyze the thermal interaction of a heated building with permafrost foundation and assess the effectiveness of the proposed technology. The main properties of granulated foam-glass ceramic are: granule size 10–20 mm, bulk density 250 kg/m3, compressive strength in a cylinder 1,8 MPa, effective thermal conductivity of the granule layer in the compacted state 0,08 W/(m·°C).
Based on the calculated data, the authors select design solutions that allow the operation of low-rise buildings while maintaining the bases in a frozen state, as a result of which, the stability and bearing capacity increase. The research results contribute to the trouble-free operation of buildings in the permafrost zone and the rational development of the Arctic zone of Russia. Taking into account the remoteness of the Arctic from the industrially developed regions, a significant economic effect in low-rise construction can be achieved through the creation of a production of granular foam-glass ceramic near construction sites.

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