ETHICS OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

General Provisions

The research and analysis journal "Arctic: Ecology and Economy" (hereinafter – the magazine) complies with high standards of publishing ethics. The ethics of scientific publications is a system of norms of professional conduct in the relationships of all parties (editors, publishers, reviewers and authors) participating in the process of publishing the Journal.

The editor-in-chief and his deputies (hereinafter editors), the Editorial Board, the Editorial Body, reviewers and the publisher of the Journal follow the ethical standards adopted by the international scientific community and do their best to prevent any violations of these norms.

Editorial Board, Editorial Body, reviewers and the publisher of the Journal base their work on the recommendations and standards developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and also take into account the valuable experience of authoritative international journals and publishers, including Elsevier.

The principles of ethical behavior presented below are mandatory for all parties involved in the process of reviewing and publishing a scientific article: editors, the Editorial Board, the Editorial Body of the Journal, reviewers and authors.

Compliance with the rules of ethics of scientific publications by all participants in this process contributes to ensuring the authors’ rights to intellectual property, improving the quality of the publication in the eyes of the world scientific community and excluding the possibility of misuse of copyright materials in the interests of individuals.

1. The principles of professional ethics in the work of editors, the Editorial Board and the Editorial Body of the magazine

Editors are responsible for everything that is published in the Journal, therefore they seek to improve the magazine, upgrade the quality of its publications, and to remain faithful to the principles of scientific honesty and protect freedom of opinions, always be ready to publish corrections, clarifications, refutations and apologies when it is necessary.

In their work, editors, members of the Editorial Body of the Journal are responsible for the publication of authors’ works, which makes it necessary to follow the following principles:

1.1. When deciding on publication, the editors of the Journal are guided by the reliability of the data presented and the scientific significance of the work in question.

1.2. The editors of the Journal are personally and independently responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the magazine will be accepted for publication and which ones will be rejected. At the same time, they are guided by the magazine’s policy and observe legal restrictions, avoiding libel, infringement of copyright and plagiarism.

1.3. The editor should not have any conflict of interest with respect to the articles they reject or accept.

1.4. The editor should withdraw from consideration of manuscripts in case of conflicts of interest due to competitive, joint and other interactions and relations with authors, companies and, possibly, other organizations associated with the manuscript.

1.5. Editors and members of the Editorial Body of the magazine should not disclose any information on the article submitted to the Journal to anyone other than authors, designated reviewers, other editorial staff and, if necessary, the publisher.

1.6. Unpublished data obtained from the submitted manuscripts should not be used by editors or members of the Editorial Body for personal purposes or transmitted to third parties (without the written consent of the author). Information or ideas received during the review and related to possible benefits should be kept confidential and not used for the purpose of obtaining benefits.

1.7. Editors evaluate the manuscript solely on its scientific content - regardless of race, sex, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, nationality, citizenship, origin, social status or political views of the authors of the manuscript.

1.8. Editors should not allow publication of information if there is sufficient reason to believe that it is plagiarism.

1.9. The article, if accepted for publication, is placed in the public domain; Copyrights are reserved for authors.

1.10. The editor-in-chief, together with the publisher, must not leave unanswered claims concerning the manuscripts or published materials. In identifying a conflict situation, they must take all necessary measures to restore the violated rights, and, if errors are found, facilitate the publication of corrections or refutations.

1.11. Editors and members of the Editorial Body of the Journal are obliged, without the need to not disclose information about the accepted manuscript to all persons, except for authors, reviewers and the publisher.

1.12. Editors and members of the Editorial Body of the Journal should ensure the confidentiality of names and other information relating to reviewers.

1.13. Editors should inform readers about who funded the study, and whether sponsors played any role in the research and publication of its results.

1.14. Editors must publish complete requirements for the authors of the articles. These rules should be updated regularly and have a link to this code.

1.15. Editors should respect the wishes of the authors that one or another person should not review their work, if such a request is justified and feasible.

1.16. Editors should inform authors about all comments on their work made by reviewers, unless they contain offensive or defamatory remarks.

1.17. Editors in case of suspicion of dishonesty and disputes about authorship should use the COPE schemes.

1.18. Editors must take action when they suspect an unscrupulous behavior or find out about the charge of dishonest behavior. This duty applies to both published and unpublished material.

1.19. When revoking articles, editors must follow the COPE schemes.

1.20. Editors should encourage and readily consider valid criticism of works published in the Journal. Authors of criticized materials should be able to respond to criticism. Editors should be open to research, which challenges previous work published in the Journal. Works reporting only negative results can also be published.

2. Ethical principles in the reviewer activity

The reviewer carries out a scientific examination of the author’s materials, as a result of which his actions should be impartial in nature, consisting in observing the following principles:

2.1. The reviewer helps the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Body to decide on publishing and through appropriate interaction with the authors can also help the author to improve the quality of work.

2.2. The reviewer, who does not consider himself an expert in the field of the subject matter of the article, or knows that he cannot submit a review of the article in a timely manner must notify the Editor-in-Chief and withdraw from the review process.

2.3. The reviewer cannot be the author or co-author of the reviewed work, as well as scientific supervisors and/or employees of the unit in which the author works.

2.4. Any manuscript received from the editorial office for review is a confidential document. It cannot be discussed with other persons, except for the persons indicated by the Editor-in-Chief.

2.5. The reviewer should be objective. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. The reviewer should express his opinion clearly, definitely and reasonably.

2.6. The reviewer, if possible, should identify published articles relevant to the article being reviewed and not cited by the author. Any statement in the review that some observation, conclusion or argument from the article under review has already been encountered in the literature must be accompanied by an accurate bibliographic reference. The reviewer should also draw the attention of the Editor-in-Chief to the significant similarity or partial coincidence of the article under review from any other previously published.

2.7. The reviewer should not use the information and ideas from the article submitted to him for a review for personal gain, while respecting the confidentiality of this information and ideas.

2.8. The reviewer should not accept manuscripts for consideration if there is a conflict of interest caused by competition, cooperation or other relations with any authors or organizations associated with the article.

3. Ethical principles, which the author of a scientific publication should follow

Submission of the article for consideration to the editorial staff implies that it contains new scientific results obtained by the author (team of authors), which have not been published before.

Authors should realize that they bear personal responsibility for the provided text of the manuscript, which implies observance of the following principles:

3.1. Provide reliable results of the work done or research. Knowingly false or falsified statements are equated with unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

3.2. The Editor-in-Chief may ask the authors for the initial data of the scientific article for review, and the authors should be ready to provide open access to such data, if possible, and in any case should be prepared to keep the source material within a reasonable period of time after its publication.

3.3. Ensure that the results of the research outlined in the manuscript represent an independent and original work. In the case of using fragments of others’ works and/or borrowing the statements of other authors, the article should contain appropriate bibliographic references with the obligatory indication of the author and the source. All articles are subject to mandatory verification through the "Anti-plagiarism" system. Excessive borrowings, as well as plagiarism in any form, including unformulated quotes, paraphrasing or assigning rights to the results of other people’s studies, are unethical and unacceptable actions. Articles that are compilations of materials published before by other authors, without their creative processing and their author’s own interpretation for publication are not accepted by the editorial staff of the Journal.

3.4. Recognize the contribution of all persons who somehow influenced the course of the study or determined the nature of the scientific work presented. In particular, the article should include bibliographic references to Russian-language and foreign publications, which were of importance during the research. Information obtained privately through conversation, correspondence or discussion with third parties should not be used without obtaining an open written permission from its source. All sources must be disclosed. Even if written or illustrative materials of a large number of people are used, permission must be obtained and submitted to the editorial office.

3.5. Submit to the Journal an original manuscript that was not sent to another magazine and is not currently under consideration, as well as an article not previously published in another journal. Non-observance of this principle is regarded as a gross violation of the ethics of publications and gives grounds for withdrawing the article from review. The text of the article should be original, that is, be published in the provided form in the periodical for the first time. If the elements of the manuscript were previously published in another article, the authors are obliged to refer to earlier work and indicate what a significant difference is between the new work and the previous one. Verbatim copying of own works and their paraphrasing are unacceptable; they can be used only as a basis for new conclusions.

3.6. Guarantee the correct composition of the list of the work co-authors. Among the co-authors of the article, all persons who have made a significant intellectual contribution to its concept, structure, as well as to the conduct or interpretation of the results of the submitted work should be indicated. Other people who participated in some aspects of the work should be thanked. The author must also ensure that all co-authors are familiar with the final version of the article, approve it and agree with its submission for publication. All authors mentioned in the article must bear public responsibility for the content of the article. If the article is a multi-disciplinary work, the co-authors may be responsible for their personal contribution, leaving the collective responsibility for the overall result. Among co-authors, it is inadmissible to identify persons who did not participate in the study.

3.7. In case of detecting significant errors or inaccuracies in the article at the stage of its consideration or after its publication, immediately notify thereof the editorial office of the Journal and make a joint decision on recognizing the error and/or correcting it as soon as possible. If the editorial office finds out from a third party that the published work contains significant errors, the author is obliged to immediately remove or correct them, or to provide the editors with proof of the correctness of the information presented to them.

3.8. Indicate in their manuscripts all sources of work funding; declare possible conflicts of interest that may affect the results of the research, their interpretation, and also the judgment of reviewers. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed as early as possible.

3.9. The Journal undertakes to communicate to the authors all comments on their work made by reviewers, unless they contain insulting or defamatory remarks.

4. Principles of professional ethics in the publisher activities

In his activities, the publisher is responsible for the publication of copyright works, which entails the need to follow the following fundamental principles and procedures:

4.1. Support the editorial staff of the Journal in reviewing claims to the ethical aspects of published materials and help to interact with other journals and/or publishers, if this contributes to the fulfillment of the duties of editors.

4.2. Ensure the confidentiality of any information received from the authors of publications before it is published.

4.3. Realize that the activity of the Journal is not a commercial project and does not carry with it the goal of making profit.

4.4. Be always ready to publish corrections, clarifications, refutations and apologies when necessary.

4.5. Provide editorial staff with the possibility of excluding publications containing plagiarism and inaccurate data.